[05:06:29] 7575 [05:07:03] Thanks [11:20:23] possibly any suffix starting with a vowel? (since it's stopping the new vowel from turning the last vowel into a long one) (re @Al: Thanks. I’ll leave it for now. I don’t think I’ve ever coded in Python. The same logic applies to -ed, -er -est, -ish and -y …th...) [11:23:30] -en comes to mind (redden), I thought of -ise and -ology too but haven't thought of any words ending with a short vowel and consonant that they can be added to [15:12:59] As a rule, only i and e modify the preceding vowel with a single intervening consonant. So, yes, -en would follow the same pattern. -ize is tricky because it depends on the etymology, but we would allow a final c to soften (“poeticize”) and not always double a final l (“radicalize” but “crystallize”). I can’t think of any cases where we double a consonant other than [15:12:59] l, however (oh, go on, then: “tyrannize”, “Philippize”, “Kruppize”, and “burnettize” may appear to be exceptions but in these the doubling arises before the suffixing). I wouldn’t expect doubling before -ology, but “gemmology” and “gemology” are variants (with “gemmology” following the Latin “gemma”). [15:37:00] "it depends on the etymology" seems to basically sum up the correlation between spelling and pronunciation in english 😆 [15:43:57] (when I was looking at the pronunciation of consonants at the beginning of words years ago, I had several notes about that... "ch" is the only one I can remember though, which I think I'd noticed is normally "sh" in words from french, "k" in words from greek and the usual "ch" sound otherwise) [16:00:44] Too true, but even natives might pronounce “chiropodist” with a “sh”, whereas “chiropractor” is always “k” 🤷‍♂️